SEDIMENTATION OF RESERVOIRS

 

Reservoir sedimentation is a natural phenomenon which seriously affects the designed function of the reservoir. It has to be estimated periodically to ascertain the revised capacity of the reservoir. To estimate the storage capacity and rate of sedimentation of reservoir, there are three methods.

(i)              Hydrographic survey with conventional method: 28 Major & Medium irrigation projects of state were surveyed by this method

(ii)            Survey  using Remote sensing Technique: 13 Major & Medium irrigation projects of state were surveyed by this method

(iii)           Using Computerized Differential Global positioning System (DGPS) or Integrated Bathymetric System (IBS): 22 Major & Medium irrigation projects of state were surveyed by this method

                        71 Minor reservoirs (having submergence area below  5 Sq.Km.) wear surveyed by Dry Bed Method. Year wise sedimentation surveys of various reservoirs are as follow :

 The Statement Showing Sedimentation Survey Carried Out By Conventional Method

 

Sr

No.

Name of reservoir

(River)

Year of impounding / Survey

Life

in

years

Gross Capacity in

Mm3
Loss in capacity

in

Mm3
Annual % loss

in Gross capacity

Sedimentation rate

ham/100 Km2/yr

1

Ukai

(Tapi)

1972

1979

1983

1992

-

7

11

20

8510.00

8240.00

7963.00

7496.80

-

270.00

547.00

1013.20

-

0.46

0.58

0.59

1.49

6.22

8.00

8.14

2

Kadana

(Mahi)

1977

1980

1983

2000

-

3

6

23

1543.00

1493.00

1473.00

1249.26

-

50.00

70.00

293.74

-

1.08

0.76

0.83

1.30

4.93

4.56

5.01

3

Dantiwada

(Banas)

1965

1984

1991

1994

-

19

26

29

464.39

396.15

408.43

319.32

-

68.24

55.96

145.07

-

0.77

0.46

1.08

3.61

12.54

7.52

17.47

4

Panam

(Panam)

1977

1984

1990

-

7

13

735.80

697.55

720.19

-

38.25

15.61

-

0.74

0.16

3.57

23.60

5.19

5

Khodiyar

(Shetrunji)

1967

1987

2001

2002

-

20

34

35

40.35

29.94

33.44

33.98

-

10.41

6.91

6.37

-

1.29

0.50

0.45

0.71

13.58

5.22

4.75

6

Shetrunji

(Shetrunji)

1959

1988

1996

2000

-

29

37

41

415.41

372.54

308.69

291.49

-

42.87

106.42

123.92

-

0.36

0.71

0.73

4.76

3.43

6.86

7.00

7

Machhu-I

(Machhu)

1958

1989

1994

-

31

36

83.13

75.79

75.09

-

7.34

8.04

-

0.28

0.22

7.40

3.90

3.06

8

Dharoi

(Sabarmati)

1976

1990

1991

1992

1994

2000

-

14

15

16

18

24

908.00

761

746

839

842

762.67

-

147

162

69

66

145.33

-

1.16

1.19

0.48

0.40

0.67

3.57

19.20

19.73

7.91

6.66

11.06

9

Karjan

(Karjan)

1984

1991

1992

1993

1995

1998

-

7

8

9

11

14

630.00

622.05

625.56

615.26

636.71

580.21

-

7.95

4.44

14.74

-6.71

49.79

-

0.18

0.08

0.26

-0.09

0.56

4.76

8.09

3.95

11.67

-4.34

25.33

10

D'ganga

(D'ganga)

1983

1992

1996

1999

-

9

13

16

567.00

558.04

557.56

525.81

-

8.96

9.44

41.19

-

0.18

0.13

0.45

5.71

5.49

4.03

14.20

11

Mukteshwar

(Saraswati)

1990

1994

1998

-

4

8

41.00

37.80

31.57

-

3.20

9.43

-

1.95

2.88

3.57

26.17

38.57

12

Bhadar(P)

(Bhadar)

 

1983

1995

1999

-

12

17

46.72

35.71

32.17

-

11.01

14.55

-

1.96

1.83

3.57

22.60

21.03

13

Sukhi

(Sukhi)

1987

1997

1999

-

10

12

178.47

164.08

175.14

-

14.33

3.33

-

0.81

0.16

4.76

34.94

6.74

14

Machhu-II

(Machhu)

1972

1997

-

25

100.56

60.69

-

39.86

-

1.59

4.76

8.27

15

Meshwo

(Meshwo)

1968

1997

-

29

82.12

53.13

-

28.99

-

1.18

0.86

37.45

16

Ver-II

(Ver)

1984

1998

-

14

38.30

32.63

-

5.67

-

1.06

2.00

45.00

17

Chopadvav

(Doman)

1985

1998

-

13

10.15

5.69

-

4.46

-

3.38

3.57

123.68

18

 

Mazam

(Mazam)

1984

1998

-

14

44.65

44.08

-

0.57

-

0.09

3.57

0.98

19

Deo

(Deo)

1986

1998

-

12

84.09

74.26

-

9.83

-

0.97

3.33

31.63

20

Hiran-II

(Hiran)

1981

1998

-

18

38.58

35.15

-

3.43

-

0.49

1.91

5.46

21

Sipu

(Sipu)

1992

1998

-

6

177.80

133.05

-

44.75

-

4.19

7.20

61.03

22

Rami

(Rami)

1983

1999

-

16

7.08

4.55

-

2.53

-

2.23

1.90

64.07

23

Moj

(Moj)

1956

1999

-

43

52.98

36.69

-

16.29

-

0.72

3.38

8.60

24

Venu-II

(Venu)

1989

1999

-

10

22.58

15.32

-

7.26

-

3.22

4.80

9.67

25

Machhannala

(Machhan)

1982

1999

-

17

37.90

27.12

-

10.79

-

1.67

3.35

25.92

26

Hadaf

(Hadaf)

1986

2000

-

14

32.26

22.29

-

9.97

-

2.21

3.35

14.03

27

Sani

(Sani)

1984

2001

-

17

55.08

45.45

-

9.63

-

1.03

N.A.

11.19

28

Bhadar(s)

Bhadar

1964

2004

-

40

178.84

146.31

-

32.53

-

0.45

N.A.

3.38

The Statement Showing Sedimentation Survey Carried Out By Remote Sensing   Technique

Sr.

No

Name

Of

Reservoir

Year

of

survey

Method

Gross capacity

Mm3

% variation between

HS & RS

Loss in gross capacity Mm3

% Loss in capacity

Total

Annual

1

Ukai

1972

1979-80

1983-84

1992

1989-90

1991-92

At impounding

HS

HS

HS

RS

RS

8510

8240

7963

7496

7908

7830

-

-

-

-

-(5.40)

-(4.45)

-

270

547

1014

602

680

-

3.17

6.4

11.92

7.07

7.99

-

0.336

0.535

0.595

0.393

0.42

3

Panam

1977

1984

1990

1990

At impounding

HS

HS

RS

735

697

720

731

-

-

-

-(1.53)

-

38

15

4

-

5.17

2.04

0.54

-

0.74

0.16

0.04

 

4

Dantiwada

1965

1984

1991

1994

1990

At impounding

HS

HS

HS

RS

464

396

408

320

441

-

-

-

-

-(8.09)

-

68

58

144

23

-

14.66

12.07

31.03

4.96

-

0.72

0.46

1.07

0.19

5

Meshwo

1968

1997

1997

At impounding

HS

RS

82

53

49

-

-

7.54

-

29

33

-

35.37

40.24

-

1.22

1.39

6

Mazam

1984

1998

1997

At impounding

HS

RS

44.65

44.08

38.68

-

 

12.26

-

0.57

5.97

-

1.28

13.37

-

0.09

1.03

 

7

Damanganga

1983

1996

1997

1999

At impounding

HS

RS

HS

567.00

557.56

555.89

525.81

-

0.3

 

5.4

-

9.44

11.11

41.19

-

1.69

1.96

7.26

-

0.13

0.14

0.45

8

Karjan

1984

1997

1998

At impounding

HS

RS

630.00

565.11

580.21

-

2.60

2.60

-

64.89

49.79

-

10.30

7.90

-

0.79

0.56

9

Sukhi

1987

1999

2001

At impounding

HS

RS

178.47

175.14

170.35

--

-

2.73

--

3.33

8.119

--

1.87

4.55

--

0.16

0.325

10

Sipu

1992

1998

1999

At impounding

HS

RS

177.80

133.05

141.09

--

--

5.70

--

44.75

36.71

--

25.17

20.66

--

4.20

2.95

11

Dharoi

1976

2000

2000

At impounding

HS

RS

907.83

762.67

762.81

--

--

0.02

--

75.55

75.07

--

8.32

8.26

--

0.35

0.34

12

Bhadar(s)

1964

2004

2001-03

At impounding

HS

RS

176.87

144.64

136.44

--

--

5.65

--

32.230

40.257

--

18.22

22.76

--

0.46

0.58

13

Hadaf

1986

2000

2001-03

At impounding

HS

RS

32.26

22.29

28.56

--

--

21.95

 

--

9.97

3.70

--

30.90

11.46

--

2.21

0.67

 

The Statement Showing Sedimentation Survey carried out by  Integrated Bathymetric System (IBS)

Sr

No

Name of reservoir

(River)

Year of impounding / Survey

Life

In

Years

Gross Capacity in

Mm3

Loss in capacity

in

Mm3

Annual % loss

in Gross capacity

Sedimentation rate

Ham/100 Km2/yr

 

 

Remarks

1

Ukai

 

(Pilot Project)

1972

2001

2003

-

29

31

8510.00

7902.00

7414.29

-

609.01

1096.72

-

0.25

0.42

1.49

3.37

5.68

Original survey

Sedimentation Survey done by GERI on study base by Bathymetric System

2

Kadana

(Pilot Project)

1977

 

2003

-

 

26

1543.00

 

297.31

(Dead storage)

-

 

42.69

(Dead Storage)

-

1.30

Original Survey

Sedimentation Survey carried out by GERI on study base by Bathymetric System at Dead water level 114.00m.Hence observed rate of siltation cannot be predicted properly 

3

Mahi Bajaj Sagar (Rajasthan)

1983

 

Feb.2004

-

 

21

2064.80

 

1918.23

-

 

146.56

-

 

0.34

-

 

11.35

Original Survey

Sedimentation Survey done by GERI  by Bathymetric System on consultancy basis.

 

4

Panam

 

1977

Mar.2004

-

27

615.00

544.95

(RL 125.43m)

-

70.05

-

0.42

3.57

11.21

Original Survey

 

5

Bhadar(S)

 

1964

Oct.2004

-

40

178.84

146.31

-

32.53

-

0.46

-

3.38

Original Survey

6

Machchhu-II

 

1972

Nov.2004

-

33

100.56

87.91

-

12.65

-

0.38

4.76

1.99

Original Survey

7

Deo

 

1986

Feb.2005

-

19

84.09

67.95

-

16.14

-

1.01

3.33

32.81

Original Survey

8

Sukhi

 

1987

Mar.2005

-

18

178.47

177.01

-

1.46

-

0.05

4.76

1.98

Original Survey

9

Karjan

 

1984

Apr.2005

-

21

630.00

545.39

-

84.61

-

0.64

4.76

28.70

Original Survey

10

Dharoi

 

1976

Nov.2006

-

31

 

907.83

813.14

 

-

94.74

-

0.34

3.57

5.52

Original Survey

11

Dantiwada

 

1965

Jan.2007

-

42

464.39

395.33

-

69.06

-

0.35

3.61

5.75

Original Survey

12

Sipu

 

1992

Feb.2007

-

16

177.80

161.43

-

16.37

-

0.61

7.20

8.93

Original Survey

13

Mukteshwar

 

1990

Mar.2007

-

17

41.00

31.46

-

9.54

-

1.37

3.57

18.36

Original Survey

14

Shetrunji

 

1959

Feb.2008

-

48

415.4

334.19

-

81.25

-

0.41

4.76

3.92

Original Survey

15

Damanganga

 

1983

Nov.2008

-

26

567.00

524.86

-

42.14

-

0.29

5.60

8.94

Original Survey

16

Tidi

(Rajsthan)

1976

Jan.2009

-

33

8.50

7.18

-

1.32

-

0.47

-

3.73

Original Survey

Sedimentation Survey done by GERI  by Bathymetric System on consultancy basis.

 

17

Bhadar(P)

 

1983

Jan.2009

-

26

46.72

30.95

-

15.77

-

1.30

3.57

14.90

Original Survey

18

Hadaf

1986

Oct 2009

-

23

32.26

22.09

-

10.17

-

1.37

3.35

8.71

Original Survey.

19

Sasoi

1954

Nov. 2009

-

55

51.00

37.97

-

13.03

-

0.46

1.74

4.22

. Original Survey

20

Und – I

1988

Jan. 2010

-

22

72.50

69.045

-

3.46

-

0.22

0.64

2.42

Original Survey

21

Sani

1984

Feb.2010

-

26

55.08

39.02

-

16.06

-

1.12

N.A

10.99

. Original Survey

22

Kadana

June 2011

-

-

-

-

-

Echo sounding  work carried out cross section wise in 200m upstream of dam axis

Institute has facility of conducting sedimentation surveys of Major and Medium reservoirs in the state. This  institute have modern Technique for hydrographic survey by using Integrated  Bathymetric system, having following equipments.          

SURVEY EQUIPMENT:

        

Echo Sounder (NS 415)

 

Reference Station (DGPS) Leica MX9250

 

Mobile Station (GPS) Leica MX 420

 

VHF Voice Radio Sailor RT  2048

 

Helsman Disply

FRP Boat with Trailor

Typical Segment Map of Dharoi Reservoir

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Typical Contour Map Of  Dharoi Reservoir

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Typical Wire Frame Map Of Dharoi Reservoir

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Typical Cross Section Of Dharoi Reservoir


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SPECIAL STUDIES UNDERTAKEN

Workshop :

One day workshop on "Sedimentation of reservoir" was organised in October 1991.

Technical papers published are as under

1)    "Sedimentation in Kadana reservoir" in 55th R & D Session from 25-28 July 1989 at Srinagar.

2)    "Hydraulics of Radial Collector well" in 56th R & D Session from 31st Oct. to 3rd Nov. 1990 at Hyderabad.

3)    "Sedimentation surveys of ten reservoirs in Gujarat" in 57th R & D Session from 17-20 February 1992 at Jaipur.

4)    "Storage Capacity estimation of Ukai reservoir using satellite data in 58th R & D Session from 19-22 April 1993 at Bangalore.

5)    "Capacity surveys of Damanganga reservoir in Gujarat" in CBIP workshop on reservoir sedimentation from 17-19 May 1994 at Mysure.

6)    "Application of Remote Sensing Technique in estimating capacity of reservoirs in Gujarat State" in International R & D Conference from  9-12 Oct. 1995 at Delhi.

7)    "Monitoring of reservoir sedimentation in Gujarat" in Sixth international symposium from 7-11 Nov. 1995 at New Delhi.

8)    Comparison of different method of Sedimentation Survey" A case study of Ukai reservoir" in 4th International R & D Conference fro  28-31 Jan. 2003 at Aurangabad.

9)    "Two Decades of Reservoir Sedimentation Survey in Gujarat" in 4th International R & D Conference fro  28-31 January 2003 at Aurangabad.